Internet Protocol

1.Introduced.

1.1. Causes

The IP protocol is used for multiple packet switching network connected, it in the source and destination addresses before transmission address called data submitted to things, it also provides for data size reassemble function, to meet the different network of packet size requirements.

1.2. The range

SLIP(Serial Line Internet Protocol)

SLIP(Serial Line Internet Protocol),this agreement is Windows remote access an old industrial standard, mainly in the Unix remote access server use, are still to be used in connection with some ISP. Because SLIP agreement is facing low-speed serial line, can be used for special line, can also be used to dial-up lines, Modem transmission rate in 1200bps to 19200bps.

The application of SLIP

In Windows to SLIP agreement, such as setting in Windows 98, the hypothetical have already created "dial-up connection", right-click the connection, and select properties. Then, in the open window, choose "attribute server type" TAB, in "dial-up network server type" select "SLIP: Unix connection". Finally, click the "ok" button.

VoIP（Voice over Internet Protocol）

VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is simply the analog voice signals (Voice) digital, data-packet (Data Packet) of the type in the IP data network (IP Network) to do real-time delivery. The biggest advantage is that VoIP can be widely used Internet and the global IP interconnection environment and provide more than traditional business, better service. VoIP can be cheaper in the IP network to send voice, fax, video, and data services such as unified messaging, virtual phone, virtual voice / fax mail, check number service, Internet call centers, Internet call management, video conferencing, e-commerce , fax store and forward, and various information such as store and forward.

Point to Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)

Point to Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a multi-protocol virtual private network network technology, it works on the second floor. Through the agreement, the remote users through Microsoft Windows NT Workstation, Windows xp, Windows 2000 operating systems and windows2003 with Point to Point Protocol, and other secure access to corporate network systems, and can even dial into a local ISP, secure link to the company through the Internet network.

BitTorrent(BT)

BitTorrent (referred to as BT) is a file distribution protocol, which identified by URL and web content and seamless integration. It contrast HTTP / FTP protocol, MMS / RTSP streaming protocols such as download method has the advantage of those who download a file to download, while also continue to upload data to each other, so that the source file (can be a server can also be a source of individual source generally refers specifically to the first seed to seed or the first publisher) can increase the very limited circumstances to support the load of a large number of those who download the same time to download, so BT and other P2P transmission has "more people download, the download faster, "this argument. BT official name is "Bit-Torrent", is a multi-sharing protocol software, from California, a programmer named Bram Cohen developed.
 Specifically for the BitTorrent file-sharing and high-capacity design that uses a bit like a pyramid scheme works.

WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)

WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) for wireless application protocol, is a global network of communication protocols. With a WAP access the mobile Internet standards, the goal is to Internet wealth of information and the introduction of advanced services to mobile phones and other wireless terminals being. WAP define a common platform to present information in Internet online HTML language into use WML (Wireless Markup Language) describes the information displayed on the mobile phone display. WAP mobile phones and WAP only require the support of proxy servers, without requiring existing mobile communication networks to make any changes, which can be widely used in GSM, CDMA, TDMA, 3G and other networks.

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Network Address Translation (NAT) is access to wide area network (WAN) technology, is a kind of private (reserved) address into a valid IP address translation technology, which is widely used in various types of Internet access methods and various types of network. The reason is simple, NAT Bujin perfect solution to the problem of insufficient lP address, but also to effectively prevent external attacks from the network, hide and protect the internal network computer.
 Although the NAT can be achieved by means of certain proxy servers, but taking into account the cost of computing and network performance, are often implemented in the router up.

Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)

"Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)" is a framework of open standards, security services through the use of encryption to ensure that Internet Protocol (IP) network, confidential and secure communications. Microsoft ® Windows ® 2000, Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 family implementation of IPSec is based on the "Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)" IPSec working group developing standards.
Introduction
IPSec is a network of long-term direction of safety. It does this by end to end to provide proactive security protection to prevent the private network and Internet attacks. In communications, only the sender and receiver had just only need to understand IPSec-protected computer. In Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 family, IPSec provides the ability to protect the working group, local area network computers, domain clients and servers, branch offices (in the physical body for the remote), Extranet and communication between the roaming client .

Transport Layer Security (TLS)

Overview
Transport Layer Security (TLS) is used between two communicating applications to provide confidentiality and data integrity. The agreement consists of two layers: TLS Record Protocol (TLS Record) and the TLS Handshake Protocol (TLS Handshake). The lower layer of TLS Record Protocol, is located in a reliable transport protocol (eg TCP) above.
Protocol Structure
TLS protocol consists of two protocol groups - TLS Record Protocol and the TLS Handshake Protocol - each with many different formats of information.

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is a Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, is generally referred to as LDAP. It is based on the X.500 standard, but much simpler and can be customized. Different with X.500, LDAP supports TCP / IP, which is access to Internet is necessary. LDAP in the core specification are defined in the RFC, all LDAP related RFC can be found in the LDAPman RFC website.
LDAP Introduction
Simply put, LDAP is a person or resources are concentrated on the static data, quick way.
 LDAP is used to publish directory information to many different resources to the agreement. Usually it is used as a centralized address book to use, but according to the needs of the organizers, it can do more powerful.

Open Shortest Path First(OSPF)

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) protocol is the Internet Network Engineering (IETF) developed an internal gateway protocol (IGP), the gateway and router are within an autonomous system. OSPF is a link state protocol, or shortest path first (SPF) protocol. Although the protocol relies on IP environment than some of the technology, but the agreement specific to IP, but also the function of subnet addressing. The agreement in accordance with the purpose of IP datagram for routing IP address, once you've decided how to choose the path of a IP datagram, the datagram will be sent to the chosen path, no additional header, that is, there is no additional package. This method is different with many networks because they use some type of internal network of the UDP encapsulation header to control the subnet routing protocol.

Routing Information Protocol(RIP)

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is an exchange between the gateway and host routing information standards. RIP is an interior gateway protocol. In the national network such as the current Internet, many for the entire network with routing protocols. As the formation of an autonomous system for each network, has its own routing technology, different AS systems, routing technology is different.

RPC (Remote Procedure Call Protocol)

RPC (Remote Procedure Call Protocol) - Remote Procedure Call protocol, it is a computer program through the network from a remote service on request, without the need to understand the underlying network technology agreement. RPC protocol assumes the existence of some transport protocol such as TCP or UDP, to carry information between the data communication program. In the OSI model of network communication, RPC over the transport layer and application layer. RPC allows developers to include more programs, including network distributed applications easier.

NETBIOS (NetBIOS Services Protocols)

NETBIOS protocol developed by IBM, the computer is mainly used for dozens of small local area network. The agreement is a program on the LAN can use the application programming interface (API), the program provides low-level service requests unified command set, the role is to provide a local area network and other special functions, the system can use the WINS services, broadcasting and Lmhost documents and other models will NetBIOS name resolution for the corresponding IP address, to achieve information and communication, so in the local area network using the NetBIOS protocol message communication can be easily achieved and resource sharing. Because it takes up less system resources, transmission efficiency is high, so are almost all local area network based on the NetBIOS protocol work.