Race Walking

Walking from daily walk on the basis of the development of sports, rules out support legs must unbend, from single-support transition to the feet, swinging leg support at the heel contacts to front, after kick the bucket tiptoe may leave the ground to make sure no appear "post-flight" phenomenon, and this is also the main walking and running respectively.

Walking history

Walking originated in the United Kingdom, 1867, Britain held the first walking championships. The 19th century in the 1990s, the sport in Germany prevalence up. In 1893 at Vienna to Berlin, the entire game for 578 park-like kilometres. In 1908, Olympic Games official will racewalking listed as the project. Since 1961, held annual Lou Enoch cup game, caleb walking after development becomes the World Cup of male athletes competing for Lou Enoch cup, caleb female athletes compete for love si fort grace cup race walking first appeared in 1775 and 1800 years of British, some is the clock for .

Walking in 1908 Olympic Games as a formal event, and divided into 3,500 meters and 10 km two fixtures, later also appeared 3000 meters and 10000m events. 1932 Olympic Games first join 50 km walking street racing, and 10000m walking is on the runway. Since 1956 on, 20 kilometers and 50 km racewalking officially became an Olympic sport, and on the highway.

Woman walking game began in 1932, the Czech republic, until 1992 Olympics, women's 10 kilometers walking just as a formal event, but also on the highway, the results by Chinese athletes ChenYueLing won the first Olympic gold medal of woman walking. In addition, the Chinese woman race-walkers such as 閰 red, XuYongJiu, LiSuJie, GuanPing, JinBingJie, ChenYueLing etc, also has repeatedly refresh 5000 metres and 10000m walking world record.

In the early nineteenth century, appeared in Britain walking game activities. 19 century, some European countries popular from one city to another city walking trip. British amateur sports club 1866 to hold their first championship, distance to 7 miles. Walking to walking and highway racewalking sub-field two. Set the world record; the venue racewalking, Highway walking for pavement ups and downs etc uncontrolled factor is more, grades, so only a poor comparable world best results. Athletes along, two feet must keep continuous contact with the ground, not at the same time, down to vacate due for an instant of support legs knee unbend, not bend. When competition, the athlete post-flight or knee bends, appear all give serious warning, by 3 times a serious warning is disqualified. In 1908, the first to enter the Olympic Games then distance is 3500 m and 10 miles. After several Olympic distance different, had 3000 meters, 10 kilometers, from 1956 Olympics up as 20 km (1956 included), 50 km (1932 included). Woman walking in 1992 to be included in the Olympic Games, the distance is 10 kilometers, the 2000 Olympics to 20 kilometers.

Two feet to the track and field sports traveling alternately. Game on the track or highway. In the Olympic Games and the big athletic RACES of men have 20 kilometers, 50 kilometers road race walking, 20 kilometers athletics site racewalking, Women have 5 kilometers athletic field race walking, 10 kilometers road walking. Walking and running the fundamental difference between traveling with two legs must contact with the ground rotation, there can be emptied stage. Track and field competition rules: each step, athletes from the ground, heel before foreleg must touchdown, foot landed, the leg must have instant unbend.

In game race-walkers way, such as violates the above provisions, the first foul referees heave a white flag to walking game to warn, if again fouls, referees raised red flag, will be disqualified. Athletes in the final 1 lap fouls, can according to the specific circumstances shall be given a warning or directly will be disqualified. Leg movement is racewalking, technical main links. Before Wallace's leg at the feet when landing to unbend, using heel ground first, which can increase step length and can reduce touchdown brake. As another leg pedal, body gravity reach, appeared single leg support phase. When the body is shifting to unbend support legs, hind legs knees pendulum to body side.

In the human body through vertical positions after all, support legs by touchdown transition to tiptoe, in drag leg with complete set before the next after deng. Swinging leg with pelvic along the body longitudinal axis rotation, knees before the feet off the ground always placed, low. Leg before when placing should blandly unbend knee, crus in accordance with inertial before using foot followed to set. Now forming short feet support posture. Human body gravity in forward movement process should not have obvious ups and downs, when gravity projection points and foreleg fulcrum consistent, appeared again next the vertical position, then start a new force pedal to action. Shipment should be done in stride, mobilize high frequency, is good at coordinating muscle strength and relax, traveling to simple and natural, energy and no superfluous action, bipod landing footprint should keep in line.

When walking, athletes torso natural unbend or slightly tilted forward. Two arms bend ancon about 90 °, in body side do before and after the swing, coordinate powerful arms with lower limb movements adjusting speed, when go traveling body gravity forward as much as possible the linear motion, too big ups and downs and wavering detrimental to improve walk speed and consumed more energy. The distinctive features of modern racewalking technology are outstanding pelvic along the longitudinal axis of rotation before and after the body. Hold 20 kilometers above walking game, every 5 kilometers set one drink supply station. Drinks with orange juice, sugar tea, glucose and a few salt made up.

Technical requirements

The basic requirement of the heel-to-toe walking race technical:

1, lengthening of nature, wide, frequency fast, body gravity trajectory small ripple, move speed, high effectiveness.

2, the action of natural, coordination, fast-tempoed, easily, economical.

3, while not from your feet.

Ordinary traveling speed per hour, about five kilometers around while walking speed is faster, which USES a moderate speed walk, also than ordinary walk twice as fast as above. Walking rules requirements, support legs must unbend, from single-support transition to the feet, swinging leg support at the heel contacts to front, after kick the bucket tiptoe may leave the ground, in order to assure that use both legs support, won't appear post-flight phenomenon, this is the fundamental difference between walking and running.

Walking speed depends on frequency and step length. Ordinary walk about 100 per minute to 120 step, and walking can reach 180 to 200 step, good race-walkers minutely more than two hundred steps. Ordinary go step length is generally 70 to 80 centimeters, walking step length can be amounted to 90 to 110 centimeters, tall athletes step is 120 centimeters.

Ordinary to walk, every step generally require 0.50-0.55 seconds, while walking at each step, need only 0.27-0.32 seconds, or even less. Accordingly, this increased muscle tension and relax alternately the difficulty, need to work in training to be satisfactorily solved.

Step length and stride length are interdependent. Increasing step length, relative to affect stride length, accelerate stride length can also affect step length. Generally should guarantee step-length premise improve frequency. Excessive increase stepinterval, will give relevant muscle burden and increased strain degree, excessive consumption, easy to cause fatigue strength, but also was disadvantageous to the frequency of accelerated. Accelerate frequency depend on leg ministry muscle strength and central nervous system function, its potential force is bigger.

Walking single-support and feet support is not the same, single-support than feet support for a much longer time. To quicken walking speed, must shorten single-support and feet supports the time, but time is shortened feet support major, shorten single-support time its effect is not obvious.

Racewalking rules

Walking game has two core rules. First, race-walkers must always keep at least one foot contact with the ground. Secondly, front leg from touchdown moment till the vertical position must always knee unbend,  cannot bend.

Game 6 ~ 9 full-time walking referees supervision and athletes. According to the rules, they could not use any equipment to help judge, can only rely on their eyes to judge whether athletes foul. When walking referee saw race-walkers action violates the heel-to-toe walking race technical signs, shall be booked in his post-match, and report to the referee.

After the athlete way of going violates the provisions of the heel-to-toe walking race technical, show visible post-flight or knee bends, walking referees should be a red card to walking referee. When walking referee received for a same name shipped mobilization of three from different walking the umpire's red card, the athletes namely be disqualified, and by the referee or referee assistant to the red card notify him (she).