Fast Charging

introduction

Fast charging in 1 ~ 5h means at or near the batteries fully charged a charging methods state. Often used for traction with batteries need in a relatively short period when fully charged the state recovery charge. On the performance of the fast charging battery life and damage. The normal rechargeable battery it took about 10 ~, how can 20h fast charging without damaging battery performance and life expectancy, is hot research topic of attention.

Quick charger principle and characteristics

Circuit features

1, output voltage set (e.g. 36V), if charged bottles, killing one plate shedding disconnect the battery impassability, or appearance of short-circuit, then the battery voltage namely reducing or zero, then the charger will no output current.

2, if charged bottles of voltage deviation set, such as setting voltage is the voltage 36V, mistakenly meet 24V, 6V battery 12V, such as no output current, charger, if set for 24V mistakenly 36V battery, due to pick for the voltage output voltages below battery charger, and therefore could not to the accumulator.

3, charger two output terminal short-circuit, because the charger if the trigger circuit of SCR silicon can work and thus SCR not conduction, output current is zero.

4, if use wrongly will battery is negative, then at the silicon-controlled trigger circuit reverse deadlines, without triggering signal, silicon controlled not conduction, output current is zero.

5, using pulse, to extend battery life charging. Due to low voltage ac after rectifying the whole wave is only when the pulsing dc voltage is greater than the battery voltage wave, SCR will conduction, and when pulse dc voltage at the trough area, SCR, to stop against partial deadline, and the accumulator is pulsing dc flows through the battery.

6, rapid charging, full stop. Due to start charging lower ends when the battery voltage, and charging electric current is bigger. When the battery is sufficient 36V battery voltage (44V), because of getting closer to recharging voltage dc voltage pulse wave value, then charging current also will be more and more small, automatic into Juan flow recharged. When the battery voltage been debated on both ends of the rectifier output, charging process peaks maximum stop. After the test, three electric car batteries 12Ah three 36V (12V/with the charger series), with just a few hours can fill.

7, circuit is simple, easy to make, almost no maintenance and repair. ?

Circuit principle

By AC220V utility, via T1 step-down transformer D4 whole wave - D1 after rectifying, supply charging circuits work. When the output set in the correct polarity access by charging bottle, if rectification after each half the output voltage ripple peaks value over battery output voltage, the silicon controlled SCR Q of the collector current triggered by conduction, electricity flows through SCR give the accumulator. Voltage ripple voltage, close to the battery controlled shutoff, stop charging. Adjust R4, adjustable transistor Q conduction voltage, general but will XiaoDiaoZheng by big to R4 to Q conduction can trigger SCR (conduction) can. Figure D5 used as power light-emitting tube D6 instructions as charging instructions.

Component selection

BK200 type control power transformer available with output voltage transformer, 36V block, also can use which has 40.9 type 200V ring transformer, choose 22Vx2 or secondary voltage for 20V x 2 block series use. The author use which has 40.9 type change, and second class ring for 24Vx2, 12Vx2 voltage, 0 to 6-23V three groups, if its 24Vx2 block series (volt), the output voltage is too high, charging excessive current electric car batteries (to the 36V, on an average of charging electric current measurement ammeter approximately 1.5-1.8 A, this is average, then peak current can reach 5-7A above), in order to reduce the transformer output voltage, will the rest of the 12 v x 2 and O - 6V two coil pick in primary coil toward string, making the subprime output voltage 40V reduced to drag, carrying (average charge current when A 1.2, can meet the 36V) for use. Because of which has 40.9 type ring transformer only scenedesmus price for 23 yuan or so, can reduce production cost is available, enthusiasts around the system transformer.

In addition, circuits of the whole bridge rectifying D4 can choose - D1 8-10 square full bridge, among a circular installing hole, can be installed in aluminum plates to heat dissipation. 1OA/SCR available phase failure is 100V gold seal, the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier bridge with fixed in the same cooling with nuts on aluminum. Q of the parameters for the trigger triode Vceo p 60V, IM = 1A, can choose 2SB536, B564 B1008, B1015 or 2SA684, A720 etc, pipe. R6 used as the current limit protection, if the transformer subprime output voltage appropriate, charging current (average) does not exceed 1.5 A, this resistance can also save need not.

The charger if used for other voltage battery (such as 24V, 12V, etc), then can select the subprime output voltage transformer, respectively 26V, 22V - 14V type etc, 12V - while appropriate resistance of reducing R2 and R5, usable also band switch control subprime ac voltage and respectively, make the charger resistance conversion has greater range of use.