Hiking, also called hiking, hiking and hiking or hiking, not usually sense of walking, can be understood as "the long walk movement", also contains "the mountains of long walk." Also not sports in the competition, but means walking projects have a purpose in the suburb of the city and countryside or field between the long-distance walk exercise, walking is the most typical and outdoors most common one. Due to the short hike is simpler, do not need too exquisite techniques and equipment, is often considered a leisure activity.
introduction
As a kind of movement, hiking has its unique. First, hiking requires no special skills, also need not take the time to learn, so long as has the feet again can walk and do. Of course, go hiking must have experienced man guides, or we will be far more dangerous, Without experience hiker's chance of injury will also is larger, but contrast other sports, hiking injury opportunity is very tiny, even injury will not very serious. In addition, hiking is not a requires great exercise activities, and participants could respond to my own ability to adjust pace, so it fits different fitness of participants. Also, hiking is a kind of persistent exercise, start walking at least several hours to complete, so hiking can effectively exercise cardiopulmonary and foot muscles. More important is can exercise to one's stamina and endurance, this is not many sports can do, because many sports participants can always choose to give up, However, once you start in hiking is hard to give up, because hiking routes many are some mountain, in addition to the feet outside, no other ways to leave, so can make some were not persevering to complete it, also can increase this kind of person of confidence and make them know that they have the ability to complete the long hiking.
While hiking also is a kind of very healthy of leisure activities, first, hiking routes are usually in the suburbs, daily life in the city, we all inhaled many gases, during the holidays to the suburb hike, and breathe some fresh air and beautiful scenery, not only good for health, health promotion, more can relieve stress of everyday life, increase the delight of life. In addition, in Hong Kong in this city life, we often stay in the stony forest, rarely have the opportunity to realize wildlife. Through hiking, go to the suburbs in different places, not only can enjoy different scenery, can also access to different animals and plants, and recognize that different ecological environment, this does not lose a good citizen education.
Sahara hiking
Hiking team from Tunisia du this start, each group of eight to ten, travel a few days, the daily about 50 kilometers, have local guide accompanied. 35 information engineer mark, kass goodman said: "desert landscape can let you forget the earthly blatant. The tall sand dunes in March, you will find sand is actually multicolored. Of course, you have to be careful of mobile sand dunes, lest themselves trapped in the below."
The classification of hiking
Hiking, according to the different, through area can be divided into suburbs, village, and from the mountains, the jungle, desert wilderness, xue yuan glaciers, canyon, plains, mountains, Great Wall, gu, grassland, rivers, and many districts of classification hike. But hiking in most cases are in suburban and rural conducted between.
According to the different distance, usually within 15km become short hiking, 15 ~ 30 kilometres (called mid-range hiking, 30 km above the become long hiking.
Hiking skills
Hikers, in long hiking activity, usually need to wear special hiking shoes to protect the soles, highlights the hike in physical stamina training activities also requires hikers weight 10 ~ 15 kilograms of substances. Hiking enthusiasts and other outdoor sports lovers is same, also known as "I quite agree."
Hiking precautions
safety
Careful plan trips and familiar with tour, which should include way withdrawing the route and traffic arrangement. Every time hiking should have experienced experience and familiar route of hiking leader lead. Like hiking team outnumbered, needing to other hiking experience from side assistance, about 10 players and a assistant manager should be. Choose to have clear signs are fit and do it. Never voluntarily disorderly rushed or additional monarch to skip road, lest stray or accidents. Never opposed aggressive and hiking personage must know this strength and health status, your best. Do not undertake alone hiking, lest the lack of care. Ideal is four people above flock together. Also should avoid hiking team that too many people have, lest the leader is difficult to look after.
health
To the countryside play, picnic, shall ensure that personal and public health, GuJi and people. Before you start to ensure adequate sleep, spirit and in good condition.
Wash your hands before eating, or with a disinfectant towel clean. With the toilet, attend social morality, maintain clean and dirty around areas shall be clean themselves. When sneezing or coughing mask nose and mouth, try to stay away from the crowd. Suburbs region may not everywhere have clean water, please bring disinfection towel, to ensure personal hygiene. Do not spit or abandon garbage. Offenders will be picking up control. Should produce less garbage. Don't let your garbage accumulation suburbs, should be brought to large municipal solid waste collecting discard. Don't share personal items, such as towel, such as lipstick, free of infectious disease.
Safety factor relies on good hiking skills
L walk can say is an important part of hiking, so the first note is sufficient ministry of health, hiking
During the journey, every day should be replaced socks and cleaning foot. Should not wear new lines ShanXie, because new lines ShanXie are harder, can make the foot cause discomfort, put on two pairs of socks protection foot also very important. If your journey difficulty is quite high, you will not wear hiking boots not, wave shoes or leather shoes are not the best hiking supplies.
L keep a certain speed, don't go too fast or too slow, the first day trip should be short, should not be more than 15 km.
L along the path, without a self-established road and adventure for every man will only bring the danger, don't walk along the stream, because stream varies with the groundwater and gone. In addition, sudden rain will make rivers inundation, may make the walk in the stream hiker students inferior.
L like activities in summer, to prevent fierce sun caused lots of water shortage, fight to be made at noon break
L if necessary in the night of exploration or catch, should have been wearing fresh color clothes and light flashlight, face possible from zhu front to vehicles
L don't forget the road, so right if you lose you way is very important
General hiking accident causes and prevention
A. the accident from happening
Absolutely not because of bad luck and cause, cause unexpected reasons
Usually has the following points:
L carelessly
L to self ability estimation error (including physical and skill)
L lack of observing ability (teammates on the environment and mood and mental status)
L whole group cooperative poor
L for possible the lack of understanding of the crisis
L plans are not out
L equipment is not sufficient
B. accident prevention
To avoid the accident from happening, must have comprehensive plan, perfect preparation, correct judgment ability, sufficient skills training and good team cooperation.
Plan:
L don't overestimate his ability
L consideration activity during the weather conditions and environment
L in the budget time should be considered when the sunrise sunset with the tides rise back time and require both because accident hiking
Or delay the lost time
L know teammates, to understand their cooperation ability, fitness, skills and experience, not separate lines, safe minimum number is four plan
L prepare enough equipment
L have an itinerary, roadmap and players the detailed information of the notice concerned personage, such as parents, police, tutor and organization of the principal. If subsequent modification plan somewhat, also must immediately inform concerned personage.
C before departure.
L equipment check all ready
L see chu know the route and the journey of the rescue, police station location and telephone number
L know precisely teammates physical and emotional condition is good
L note weather conditions. If encounter observatory issued a thunderstorm warning, suspension no.1 typhoon signal or above, should cancel journey
L inform the police
D. during
L trooped often should together, don't let crew alone behind or distant ahead, note teammates spirit, emotions and physical fitness, and care for one another
L note the weather changes, such as the case of inclement weather, shall be immediately terminate journey, go home as soon as possible or to the latest safe places
L along alertly passed fit place, if in doubt what should be halted, stay calm and carefully judge the correct route
L don't shortcut or in the steep mountain
L pace to nature and have the law, not run down when walking in gravel, need to take particular care
All kinds of changes in the weather safety measures
Possible danger and the preventive measures and processing methods:
Because of be heated and cause damage
The body temperature often maintain in 37 degrees centigrade is due to human body to produce and absorption of heat and heat loss function is quite the adjustment. The body's metabolism and muscle will produce a lot of heat energy, average daily produce 2000 to 5,000 calories. A few sun through radiation and heat conduction, absorbed by human body, human body essential excess heat eduction body outside just can keep up their normal body temperature. Heat is mainly composed of skin surface to send out, when blood through muscles or organization, the heat absorption, then when blood flow to the skin surface, heat through convection and waste heat conduction modes to accelerate. Another method is to accelerate waste heat evaporation, when khan row in the skin surface, requires a lot of energy to evaporation in, cannot eduction body outside, then to human body traumas.
Heated collapse
Heated collapse is a hot environment by work long hours and cause, due to huge amounts of heat eduction body outside, the skin surface vessels expanding into the brain and other vital organs insufficient blood supply caused fainting. On the environment, water shortage, lack of resilience weak salt, worsen the people easy to generate heat collapse phenomenon. Patients with initial will feel dizzy, heartbeat, then there will be intensified, headache, nausea, vomiting, restlessness etc. Phenomenon, finally lost consciousness, the most obvious symptoms are not necessarily high temperature, even greater than normal for low, skin color differ.
heatstroke
Heat is due to the function that discharge sweat deficiency and cause, often long-term in hot work under conditions, the sweat gland function will weaken the pause, making it even in the body heat cannot eduction body. Heatstroke patients may feel the initial very hot, soon will feel intoxication has no, not harmonious, finally unconscious, obvious symptoms in 105 degrees F temperature is above, the skin heat and without khan, then have to suffer heatstroke patients immediate treatment. High temperature on brain is a serious wounds, treatment principle is for patients can be heat dissipation, patient in cold water, such as the situation is very serious, or with towel wrap up patients, reoccupy fan for patients with heat dissipation, treatment work must quickly, because the patient may be in a very short time death. Added salt should be wary of: many people believe in the summer games make internal body salt deficiency, so in summer often added salt, usually normal diet can be added salt loss. Under high temperature to keep working more than three to four days, just need extra added, because salt is bibulous function, so should with brine mode complement, must not salt bread swallow, because that will cause the stomach.
Prevent heated trauma
In hot work under conditions, lost fluids is ten points, so should try to supply water and salt, wrong idea is "absorb too much water will cause the body to salt and minerals erosion, so it's best not to drink plenty of water"! Accurate method is to supplement have lost fluids and minerals, lack of water can cause heatstroke and collapse phenomenon, should as far as possible in a cool place to work or dip in stream, avoid at noon and after two to four hours acuteness exercise, avoid rabbit wearing airtight clothes such as plastic clothes, heart disease, diabetes and hair more easily produce heatstroke patients with high fever, collapse phenomenon, should special attention.
The temperature is low, the heavy rain or winds can lead to suddenly and violently cold
Reason: the dress is insufficient, cold and hunger.
Features like: feel cold, unresponsive, dazzling, complain, went insane, walk Cambodia slanting west pour, cramp and had shivering phenomenon.
Precaution: wear enough clothes, while at rest should plus clothes to protect you against the cold, eat enough food to avoid hunger.
Treatment: let the patient in self-stipulation wind rest, wear more clothes (but not too much) and patients will be placed into the salivary bag, cooking something hot to patients (coma person cannot to diet). But do not use heating (such as warm water bag, etc.), which can make a patient vascular suddenly expansion, thus siphoned off each part within the organization, causing blood nightmare patients with blood and body temperature.
The fog or heavy rain caused therefrom
Precaution: in not enter fog area, find out their position, often distinguish around things and confirming the position. Treatment: keep calm, as search path. But if players weakened or not sure which can traffic, then it should stop, find appropriate location camping, the team should as far as possible, lest near the water. Emergency food not eat up, will divide the multiple edible and immediate issued save for signals.
The thunderstorm may lead to LeiYan
Hong Kong in chun xia ask, often can have the thunderstorm occur, and thunderstorms often also bring a torrential rain, phoenix mountain, net taipa and lamma island, etc will happen by Ji death ray travel personage of tragedy, in south China coast, cumulonimbus is the most common cause of thunderstorms formation. Top into a form of anvil, contains countless cumulonimbus water points or hail moves up and down, make the clouds each part produce different charge, when voltage to the square centimeters per 10,000 volt, will produce the huge sparks in between clouds flashing or attack to the ground. The thunderstorm middleman if direct hit by lightning, little chance of survival. Ray Ji will generally choose the high mountains ShanJian or ridge grave up hill trees as the object, but ray Ji produced great current, not at the contact point immediately disappear, but along the ground recently conductor preach scattered, and then gradually decreasing, therefore the mountains on the overlapping for ground current injured by far the opportunity for high Ji by ray. To current touch different body sites will lead to different degree of damage, such as: to current flows through right hand by hand if will make dirty, spinal cord and other major organ serious disruptions, but the same current flows from a knee injury may not much instep.
Learn observatory issued a thunderstorm warning or observed cumulonimbus gradually formed immediately when ShanJian, ridges, not far from stay in trees, telephone poles, a lamp-post or high voltage cables and tower under, more do not hide in shallow pit caves or rocks blasted, such as near a surname habitat should speed to shelter, if the students fail, can hide in seven to ten meters high hills near, both hands, feet from the ground amalgamative, squat in the insulation objects or rubble above, if carried a metal stents backpack, but will the metal one lie in underground and then squatted ju-term on it, because the metal conductivity is higher, current will be identified by the rapidly dissipating, don't sit or fell on the ground and try to keep the body dry.
Team members should not squat down in the same position ju eviti, in case something bad happens, safe members can immediately for the injured first aid.
Current through body may cause burns and involuntary muscles to contract makes heart stops beating, brain intoxication has no and stopped breathing etc. Phenomenon, the body suffers harm degree mainly depends on the strength of the Ji seismic amplitude ray, length and current have been crucial, treatment Zhi victim by ray need to constantly to impose mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and heart outside pressure, the injured stop breathing also should continue to rescue them until rescuers to date. The rescuers history, had stop breathing for several hours, the perspective companion unceasingly artificial respiration and finally rescued cases.
Heavy rains cause flash floods or landslip
Hong Kong territory originated river not much, but the stream suburbs, why a lot but throughout the small inconspicuous in summer ditch, heavy rain this evening after instant turn become what the stream flow velocity, therefore never underestimate after the rain stream function, as long as water depth and ankle, already can condemn a stand rapids. Our knees person, as big as a bull will also be washed away. Heavy rain will coming or along the river valley, attendance, don't advance, not through or hollows YinShuiDao and dam through force to rabbit produce risk. In too steepening or eroded by weathering hillside, after the rain may occur landslip, appropriate roundabout paths.
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