Multi-User Detection (MUD) is through the elimination of inter-cell interference to improve performance, increase system capacity. Actual capacity depends on the algorithm to increase the effectiveness of the wireless environment and system load. In addition to system improvements, but also can effectively alleviate the near-far effect.
History
1979 K. Schneider proposed multi-user detection (MultipleUser Detection, MUD) concept has been through 20 years of development, especially in 1986, Verdu optimum multiuser detection algorithm proposed after the multi-user detection techniques for wireless communication of the most important academic research focus. Multi-user detection in CDMA systems definition; joint consideration while taking up a channel for all users or certain users, eliminate or reduce any other user of the user impact, and simultaneous detection of all users or certain user information a signal detection method. Best multi-user detector is the maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) detector, the detector will have the greatest likelihood sequence b, based on signals from the receiver r (t) to find the send sequence b, b, the probability of making the greatest technology. In DS / CDMA system MLSE detector can Vitezbi algorithm. Although the optimal detector has an excellent performance, but the algorithm complexity is too high, difficult to achieve.
Origin
In the CDMA cellular mobile communications, interference is probably divided into three types: additive white noise, multipath interference and multi-user multi-access interference between. Because communication in the same small range of users while not one but multiple, multiple users in CDMA occupy the same slot, the same frequency, when the large number of users to communicate simultaneously, the multiple access interference as the main interference . CDMA system is a multi-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, using the traditional single-input single-output (SISO) detection methods, such as the matched filter, can not take full advantage of information between users, while the multiple access interference is Gaussian white noise that . Therefore, multiple access interference not only seriously affect the system's immunity, but also strictly limits the system capacity increase.
In multipath fading environment, due to differences between users with the orthogonal spreading code is often difficult to maintain, resulting in interference between multiple users, and limits system capacity improvement.
Solve the above problems is an effective method is to use multi-user detection (MUD). As the channel non-orthogonal and different users of non-orthogonal spreading the word Ma, leading to the existence of mutual interference between users, the role of multi-user detection is to remove interference between multiple users. Is based on multi-user detection algorithm, after the non-orthogonal channels and non-orthogonal spreading code word, sentence boundaries to redefine the user, in this new line, you can achieve better decision results to In addition to the mutual interference between users.
Feature
Advantages of multi-user detection techniques mainly in the following areas:
1, to improve the CDMA system capacity, increase the number of users. Number of users increases, means higher efficiency of the wireless spectrum.
2, lower CDMA user equipment (UE) transmit power, increase the UE standby and talk time. On the other hand, the performance of the RF part of the UE in order to reduce the cost and failure rate.
3, reducing the radio frequency radiation on the user's physiological and psychological effects of mobile communication devices on the environmental impact of more green.
4, increase communication distance, increasing the cell's coverage area, reducing the overall cost base.
The main advantage of multi-user detection can be effectively reduced and the elimination of multipath interference, multiple access interference and near-far effect; simplified power control; orthogonal spreading codes to reduce the cross-correlation is not perfect by the negative impact; to improve system performance, increase system capacity, increase cell coverage.
The main disadvantage of multi-user detection is greatly increased equipment complexity; increased system delay; channel estimation by non-stop to get the main features of the user spreading code parameters, channel estimation accuracy directly affect the performance of multi-user detection.
Sunday, July 31, 2011
Podcasting(Personal Optional Digital casting)
Podcasting, full name Personal Optional Digital casting, which is a way for users to freely publish the file on the Internet, and allows the user to subscribe to the feed means to automatically download the technology and ideas, is a new form of broadcasting. Podcasting pioneer promoter of Doc Searls its definition: Podcasting is a self-broadcasting. The famous Wikipedia (Wikipedia) is defined, Podcasting from the Apple iPod, both broadcasting (radio) and webcasting (Internet broadcasting) was intended. Introduction Podcasting is a recent digital network broadcasting technologies are developing a product. Initially, Podcasting integration software developed by Apple ipodder players and digital format, used to implement radio transmission on the Internet. Any user on the network can be released for free download of the broadcast to the local computer or iPod, MP3 and other digital mobile devices to watch (listen), not by time and place restrictions. According to Reuters reports, at present, 100,000 podcasts have been around the world, 6 million American adults have been watching the podcast network programs, podcasts, a monthly subscriber growth rate of 20%. Meanwhile, Podcasting is gradually entering the world of public radio and television system, CNN, BBC, NPR and other large traditional media organizations have launched their own website Podcasting program to address the new media era. Podcasting represents the development direction of the broadcast networks, will likely become a mainstream media. Currently, Podcasting is gradually extended to the field of education, more and show great potential. The main functions and features Podcasting 1 subscriptions Podcasting is to subscribe, free to choose a new generation of media. No matter when and where you can receive, listen to their favorite Podcasting program. Podcasting software you can subscribe to automatically receive the latest Podcast programs. As you subscribe to traditional magazines, when each program update, Podcast programs are free and automatically sent to your computer. In other words, everyone can always subscribe and get what you want the latest information. Podcasting uses RSS 2.0 file format and transmit information to subscribers. RSS in XML (Extensible Markup Language), based on an RSS file commonly known as an RSS channel in a channel provided including channel, date, title and description and other information, allows information publishers to easily auto- aggregate the latest release of information, and in a timely manner so that readers read the information. In the field of education, Podcasting uses RSS technology allows learners to quickly subscribe to, publish, access to information, which is becoming a new kind of learning. 2 Mobility Easy mobility is the most significant features of Podcasting. All kinds of audio and video programs can be copied to the mobile terminal after at any time, anywhere viewing. 3. Participation and sharing Apple iTunes vice president Eddy Cue said, anyone can easily get through the iTunes U institutions from the United States provided many well-known amazing educational information. Education is a lifelong learning process, we are very pleased to give everyone can download lectures, speeches and other academic information. Stanford Provost John Etchemendy said, "Our partnership with Apple and iTunes U provides a creative and innovative way, thousands of people can participate in our teaching and research in the past, more good results to share our wisdom and found that teachers and students by sharing research results to serve the public. " Meanwhile, Podcasting is open, each user can get their free space, you can create and upload audio and video programs to the site to share with others, or subscribe to other people can also choose to provide audio and video programming and download to the mobile terminal at any time to listen. This mechanism makes opening and sharing is the sharing of resources that each individual beneficiary is the creation of resources and providers, this is a virtuous cycle of the system, will become the next generation of global learning resources and the environment.
Fitness equipment you want to know taboo
Space Walker should not be too large swings Space Walker is the most popular fitness equipment. Are popular because many people think it is easy to play, less laborious, rejection to rejection is very enjoyable. The doctor said, spacewalk machine is very easy to strain psoas muscle, especially the elderly to reduce the muscle due to aging and water, poor flexibility, if the legs swing too much, too fast, it is easy to strain the muscles around the spine . Therefore, the elderly do "space walk" when the magnitude of the best leg swing is about 45 ℃, the best frequency for each 3-4 seconds. Mo elderly hip osteomalacia play pedal power device This equipment is mainly used to exercise the power of the lower limbs and waist, but for those already suffering from osteomalacia in elderly hip is not suitable for this sport. The so-called hip osteomalacia, the main symptom is usually frequent knee pain, and up and down stairs will feel powerless. So the old man, had weight-bearing function of the hip joint is bad, if you do pedal power device, extensor muscles may be damaged, thereby increasing the original symptoms. Suffering from disc touch Rider This instrument is the strength of their hands and feet up and down movement, which will stretch the entire body, in order to achieve the joint activities the purpose of various parts of the body. Logically, the sport is suitable for those who frequently desk, cervical and lumbar strain people are. However, if the disease has been developed to disc, then do not use such equipment, because the spine is absolutely not stand a pull Rider said something of the "frustrating." Try to play the first tractor pull-up Traction control is similar to the role of upper limb to the hospital for traction treatment, stretch the muscles, preventing disc is good. But suggested that the hand is not enough for the elderly is best not to carry out this exercise. To test yourself on how the hand can be able to do chin-up as the standard, if even a pull-up can not be completed for the elderly, better choose another stretching. In addition, many elderly people like to use the stretching device to exercise their flexibility, doctors advise, preferably not more than the magnitude of leg, shoulder, hip or easy to strain the ligaments and muscles. Mo Twister device rotation rate over 180 ℃ Pay attention to controlling the rate of twist, slowly, the action should be gentle, otherwise there is also the risk of lumbar strain. Doctors recommended twist rate of no more than 180 ℃, frequency control in 3-4 seconds to complete one action is appropriate.
Saturday, July 30, 2011
Yoga Mat
Yoga mats, yoga is when the mats spread on the following, the type of yoga mats are generally divided into TPE foam, PVC foam, EVA, latex pad, CBR mats.
Basic Profile
Yoga is suitable for all types of people, accompanied by practitioners, there are many kinds of yoga mat, yoga mat, but what is the material? Green yoga mat made of natural latex, hemp and other natural materials, yoga mat should be soft and flexible, sub-TPE and PVC two. Now yoga practitioners almost always to provide public yoga mats, practitioners can practice, is a great peace of mind thing, but does not know the first group of practitioners is also the same as bare your bare feet is lying is lying , the number of stranger's sweat to stay on top? Yoga cleaning pass it? And people share a yoga mat, as if lying in someone else's site, strange and uneasy. If you choose a suitable Heart yoga mat there is actually very easy.
Basic Profile
Yoga is suitable for all types of people, accompanied by practitioners, there are many kinds of yoga mat, yoga mat, but what is the material? Green yoga mat made of natural latex, hemp and other natural materials, yoga mat should be soft and flexible, sub-TPE and PVC two. Now yoga practitioners almost always to provide public yoga mats, practitioners can practice, is a great peace of mind thing, but does not know the first group of practitioners is also the same as bare your bare feet is lying is lying , the number of stranger's sweat to stay on top? Yoga cleaning pass it? And people share a yoga mat, as if lying in someone else's site, strange and uneasy. If you choose a suitable Heart yoga mat there is actually very easy.
FCoE(Fibre Channel over Ethernet)
FCoE: Fibre Channel over Ethernet, in April last year by a few IT companies to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) T11 Technical Committee, a new standards proposal. The proposal has not yet received final approval, but in February this year made a breakthrough in June this year there will be a formal standard for FCoE products appear.
FCoE Fibre Channel technology standards can be mapped to Ethernet, which can be transmitted over Ethernet SAN data. It can protect the customer's existing investment in FC-SAN (FC-SAN, such as the various tools, staff training, has been building facilities and the corresponding FC-SAN management structure), based on the FC storage to provide a protocol as the core I / O consolidation program.
The current proposal FCoE technology can use any standard rate card, but need to support 802.3x PAUSE card mechanism.
10G Ethernet for FCoE is, its application has the advantage of maintaining services on the basis of the original, you can significantly reduce the number of network interfaces on the server (while reducing the cable, saving switch port and administrators need to manage the control the number of points), thereby reducing power consumption, to the management convenience. In addition, it improves system availability. FCoE roadmap based on, FCoE standards will be approved this year, 10G's FCoE products are expected in 2009. Currently known open-source FCoE project is Open-FCoE, whose address is: www.open-fcoe.org
FCoE Fibre Channel technology standards can be mapped to Ethernet, which can be transmitted over Ethernet SAN data. It can protect the customer's existing investment in FC-SAN (FC-SAN, such as the various tools, staff training, has been building facilities and the corresponding FC-SAN management structure), based on the FC storage to provide a protocol as the core I / O consolidation program.
The current proposal FCoE technology can use any standard rate card, but need to support 802.3x PAUSE card mechanism.
10G Ethernet for FCoE is, its application has the advantage of maintaining services on the basis of the original, you can significantly reduce the number of network interfaces on the server (while reducing the cable, saving switch port and administrators need to manage the control the number of points), thereby reducing power consumption, to the management convenience. In addition, it improves system availability. FCoE roadmap based on, FCoE standards will be approved this year, 10G's FCoE products are expected in 2009. Currently known open-source FCoE project is Open-FCoE, whose address is: www.open-fcoe.org
Modulation
Modulation is converted into the baseband signal transmission signal technology. It will sample the analog signal after quantization, a binary digital signal "1" or "0" on-off modulated light carrier, and the pulse code (PCM). Digital modulation has the advantage of strong anti-interference relay when the impact of noise and dispersion does not accumulate, so you can achieve long distance transmission. The disadvantage is the need to wide band devices also are complex.
Basic Definitions
Baseband signal is the original signal, generally refers to the basic waveform, in digital communication modulation technique
In refers to the corresponding electrical pulses. In the wireless telemetry and radio remote control system is to use technology in the modulation baseband frequency carrier signal control parameters (amplitude, frequency and phase), these parameters change with the baseband signal. Parameters used to control high-frequency carrier signal is called modulation baseband signal. Unmodulated high-frequency oscillations called the carrier (which may be sinusoidal, or non-sine wave, square wave, pulse sequences, etc.).
Explanation
The modulated signal modulated high-frequency oscillations called modulated wave or modulated signals. Modulated signal is transmitted through the channel to the receiver, after demodulation at the receiving end by the restoration to the original baseband signal. Demodulation is modulation of the inverse transform, is extracted from the modulated wave modulated signals. Often used in radio communications double modulation. The first step with the digital signal or analog signal to a modulated first carrier (called the sub-carrier). Or multiple multiplexed communication using modulation (frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing). The second step or with the modulated subcarrier multiplexed signal and then modulating a common carrier for radio transmission. The second step is called the secondary modulation modulation. Baseband signal with a frequency modulated carrier, the radio transmission can reduce the antenna size, and to facilitate long-distance transmission. Application of modulation techniques, but also improve the signal anti-jamming capability.
Basic Definitions
Baseband signal is the original signal, generally refers to the basic waveform, in digital communication modulation technique
In refers to the corresponding electrical pulses. In the wireless telemetry and radio remote control system is to use technology in the modulation baseband frequency carrier signal control parameters (amplitude, frequency and phase), these parameters change with the baseband signal. Parameters used to control high-frequency carrier signal is called modulation baseband signal. Unmodulated high-frequency oscillations called the carrier (which may be sinusoidal, or non-sine wave, square wave, pulse sequences, etc.).
Explanation
The modulated signal modulated high-frequency oscillations called modulated wave or modulated signals. Modulated signal is transmitted through the channel to the receiver, after demodulation at the receiving end by the restoration to the original baseband signal. Demodulation is modulation of the inverse transform, is extracted from the modulated wave modulated signals. Often used in radio communications double modulation. The first step with the digital signal or analog signal to a modulated first carrier (called the sub-carrier). Or multiple multiplexed communication using modulation (frequency division multiplexing and time division multiplexing). The second step or with the modulated subcarrier multiplexed signal and then modulating a common carrier for radio transmission. The second step is called the secondary modulation modulation. Baseband signal with a frequency modulated carrier, the radio transmission can reduce the antenna size, and to facilitate long-distance transmission. Application of modulation techniques, but also improve the signal anti-jamming capability.
Stretching
Stretching exercises, including active and passive stretching stretch. Refers to the so-called active stretch rely mainly on the strength of muscle contraction, rather than other actions remain in force so that a particular position, therefore, active stretching also known as the vigil - active stretching. Active stretch of the merits of increasing the action of contraction of muscle flexibility and strength. For example, standing on one leg, the other leg on the move, maintaining this position does not move is a standard active stretch. During active stretching exercises should be noted that when the initiative is very difficult to keep stretching themselves, in normal circumstances it is difficult to take the initiative to maintain the stretch position to 15 seconds, it is generally active stretch position for 10 seconds on it, not too long. The so-called passive stretching refers to the use of their body weight or equipment to maintain a certain stretch position. For example, the leg lift, and then in the hands of help to maintain a certain position, or on the steps to maintain a certain posture. Passive stretching is a slow, relaxed sexual tension, relieve muscle spasm for a certain role, but also expect to reduce excitability of nerve and muscle function, is a time to relax at the end of the exercise can be used a good way. Stretching method Sitting on the floor, legs straight and tight, hook feet, hands and slowly pull your foot (note feet to try to hook head, knees bent) to the upper body slightly forward (not hunched), try to pull away from the heel the ground a little, 3 seconds down, again. Repeat 10 under. Day to do one, we must adhere to be effective, the power not to Taichong, have toughness. Stretch thigh muscles: sitting on the ground, to stretch the legs straight in front of body, bending the other leg, the whole leg on the outside close to the ground, formed a triangle with the legs straight, back straight, from hip bend forward as far as possible, straight leg with both hands grasp the toes, to maintain this position for 20 minutes, when the hands touch the toes are not allowed to play-action action (less than a toe touch it does not matter) stretch the inner thigh muscle - methods a sitting position, feet soles of the feet close to each other, knees hold out and try to close to the ground, his hands grasp the double ankle to maintain this position, the number of 10, relax, then repeat 3 times. Stretch thigh muscle - methods of two sitting, legs straight in front of body and separate, keeping your back straight and knees Ministry, the body bent forward from the hips, legs and hands from the inside to seize the legs of ankle to maintain this position, I feel the inner thighs are stretched, relaxed, and then repeat. Stretch calf (back) muscles bent, with arms and a leg (straight, toes touch the ground) to support the body, the other leg bent in front of body to relax, focus on supporting the body center of gravity at the foot of the toe, heel back, down force, feel the back of the calf muscles are stretched to maintain tension, the number of 10, relax, repeat three times, then the other leg 3 times.
Friday, July 29, 2011
FDD-LTE
LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the 3G evolution, commonly referred to as 4G, including TDD, FDD two kinds of duplex mode. FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) is the technical support for one of the two duplex mode, the application of FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) is the type of LTE FDD-LTE. As wireless technology differences, the use of different bands and various interests of manufacturers and other factors, FDD-LTE standardization and industrial development are ahead of the TDD-LTE. FDD mode features FDD mode is characterized by the separation (up and down the line frequency interval 190MHz) of two symmetric frequency channels, to receive and transfer systems, with guaranteed band to separate receive and transmit channels. FDD mode advantages and disadvantages FDD mode has the advantage of using packet switching technology, can break through the bottleneck of the development of second-generation, high-speed data services, and improve spectrum efficiency, increase system capacity. But must be paired FDD frequency, the bandwidth that each 2x5MHz provide third generation services. The way in support of asymmetric services, they can take full advantage of the up and down the spectrum, but in an asymmetric packet switched (Internet) work, the spectral efficiency is greatly reduced (due to low uplink load, resulting in lower spectral efficiency of about 40%) , at this point, TDD mode has advantages over FDD.
Middleware
Middleware software is a stand-alone system or service program, distributed applications using this software to share resources between different technologies. Middleware in a client / server operating system, manage computer resources and network communications. Is connected to two separate stand-alone application or system software. Connected system, even though they have different interfaces, but still through the exchange of information between middleware. Implementation of middleware is a key way transmission of information. Through the middleware, applications can work in multi-platform or OS environment. Some features of middleware Meet the needs of a large number of applications; Running on multiple hardware and OS platforms; Support distributed computing, to provide cross-network, hardware and OS platforms transparency of the interactive features of the application or service; Supports standard protocols; Support the standard interface. Middleware can be used in the following situations, such as connecting the company LAN and early systems, the exchange of information between the two mail systems, web-client and database server exchange information. As the standard interface for portability and standard protocols for the importance of interoperability, middleware has become a major part of the standardization work of many. For application development, middleware, operating systems and network services far more important, middleware programming interface defines a relatively stable high-level application environment, regardless of the underlying computer hardware and system software how to replace old ones, as long as the middleware updates, and maintain the same middleware and external interface definitions, applications almost without any modification to protect the enterprise application software development and maintenance of major investment.
Suggestions for golf beginners
Currently with the growing popularity of golf, have more friends to join the ranks of golf enthusiasts. Naturally, beginner golf, or some issues to note, take some detours to avoid the future less. I often and just started playing around some friends to do the exchange, where the few issues I think the more important summary of what, for reference, if different views, please correct me more.
As the saying goes, 'For good work, the first of its profits'. Encountered a lot of beginner golf club friends asked me what a good buy, I regret speaking, I find it difficult to say. Streaky face of blinding on the market a variety of brands, we often feel unable to start, this is understandable. My best suggestion is to first on the Internet, books, and understand some basic knowledge about the club, circle of several professional ball with the blog is very good. Then combined with their own situation, you are able-bodied power type, or skills-based flexible lightweight, select the appropriate club material, hardness and weight of the club, it's best to consult with store sales personnel rod, In those clubs for beginners to pick out for you. But my suggestion is not necessary to pick a set of the most expensive, or you can say, try to pick a set of the cheapest, because doubtless also pulls lever. Of course, if you have enough money to not care, or the playing field to business needs, then pick a set of naturally the most expensive, and very easy way, or otherwise save some money on coaching lessons to more cost effective.
I think for beginners the main task is to stabilize the movement, in fact the beginning of the club's role is not large, because beginners are more difficult to hit the ball solid and accurate, and does not really know what kind of club for themselves. When training a year or so later, swing and speed are relatively stable, while the range of knowledge about the accumulation of golf, go try different brands and styles of clubs, to the time the ball back to a better Rod's not too late. Many beginners are the first in a foreign country to buy second-hand rod, and some to buy a few clubs on zero, plus a putter will be enough, fairway woods began to long iron, etc. are irrelevant.
Choose the right club, and should start looking for a coach. Beginners tend to have a mistake because it is hungry, wants to see who's playing well the past consult or two, but I also know there are so a group of people, although he played not how, but very happy to be pointing to others, exaggerated Woods said even if he must concentrate fully there to help him pick pick holes in the past. If you have a friend, you know him, know he is a single handicap player, very good at teaching people, and he is very understanding of you, then you can learn with him, otherwise there would need to be careful. Not all of the practice range or position is far more than you play the beautiful people than you can become your teacher, and some people may apply the so-called some of the tips of his own, not you. And in the same issue everyone has to say each person eventually you do not listen to also understand, heard the more confused. So find a qualified professional coach with regular or necessary, the best start of his side to understand a word of mouth, more and communicate with him. And a good coach is not a stop-gap measure, but should help you understand those basic principles, can not only tell you how to do, but also to explain why to do so, know also know why, so you can judge the whole, conducive to future self-improvement.
Of course, the self is an important part. Modern information is so advanced, all the golf books, CDs, websites abundance, can be fully utilized. But my suggestion is to look at some basic things, such as grip, stance, aim the ball, etc., for the interpretation of these things have little difference should be, and very easy to understand is also critical.
As the saying goes, 'For good work, the first of its profits'. Encountered a lot of beginner golf club friends asked me what a good buy, I regret speaking, I find it difficult to say. Streaky face of blinding on the market a variety of brands, we often feel unable to start, this is understandable. My best suggestion is to first on the Internet, books, and understand some basic knowledge about the club, circle of several professional ball with the blog is very good. Then combined with their own situation, you are able-bodied power type, or skills-based flexible lightweight, select the appropriate club material, hardness and weight of the club, it's best to consult with store sales personnel rod, In those clubs for beginners to pick out for you. But my suggestion is not necessary to pick a set of the most expensive, or you can say, try to pick a set of the cheapest, because doubtless also pulls lever. Of course, if you have enough money to not care, or the playing field to business needs, then pick a set of naturally the most expensive, and very easy way, or otherwise save some money on coaching lessons to more cost effective.
I think for beginners the main task is to stabilize the movement, in fact the beginning of the club's role is not large, because beginners are more difficult to hit the ball solid and accurate, and does not really know what kind of club for themselves. When training a year or so later, swing and speed are relatively stable, while the range of knowledge about the accumulation of golf, go try different brands and styles of clubs, to the time the ball back to a better Rod's not too late. Many beginners are the first in a foreign country to buy second-hand rod, and some to buy a few clubs on zero, plus a putter will be enough, fairway woods began to long iron, etc. are irrelevant.
Choose the right club, and should start looking for a coach. Beginners tend to have a mistake because it is hungry, wants to see who's playing well the past consult or two, but I also know there are so a group of people, although he played not how, but very happy to be pointing to others, exaggerated Woods said even if he must concentrate fully there to help him pick pick holes in the past. If you have a friend, you know him, know he is a single handicap player, very good at teaching people, and he is very understanding of you, then you can learn with him, otherwise there would need to be careful. Not all of the practice range or position is far more than you play the beautiful people than you can become your teacher, and some people may apply the so-called some of the tips of his own, not you. And in the same issue everyone has to say each person eventually you do not listen to also understand, heard the more confused. So find a qualified professional coach with regular or necessary, the best start of his side to understand a word of mouth, more and communicate with him. And a good coach is not a stop-gap measure, but should help you understand those basic principles, can not only tell you how to do, but also to explain why to do so, know also know why, so you can judge the whole, conducive to future self-improvement.
Of course, the self is an important part. Modern information is so advanced, all the golf books, CDs, websites abundance, can be fully utilized. But my suggestion is to look at some basic things, such as grip, stance, aim the ball, etc., for the interpretation of these things have little difference should be, and very easy to understand is also critical.
Wednesday, July 27, 2011
"Fingerprints" anytime fitness yoga
"Fingerprints" What is yoga? "Fingerprints" fit method, also known as Yoga, Yin Qi MUDRA, an ancient method of yoga practice is with your fingers (or toes) in a variety of changes, with the yoga posture, breathing and meditation exercises to stimulate the hands (feet) of the reflex areas to promote the role of health effects, and has a certain symbolic significance, but also more esoteric Buddhism was Hyeonjong and use. In addition, the relaxation technique - called NIDRA, specifically refers to yoga relaxation exercises, physical and mental tension and help alleviate fatigue, exercise to a higher level, can instantly make your fingers or a part of the body temperature above 10 ℃.
(A) sleeping too much playing cards sitting watching TV too long, too long disc the following actions to help stretch the hands and feet
Lotus fingerprints simple yoga posture (back against the perineum with the right foot, left foot to the front, feet straight), lotus hands into fingerprints (two relatively wrist, straight thumb, index finger bent collide, the rest of the fingers to both sides of the started, further bending the little finger against the ring finger), with suction up over his head, to keep 10 breaths, relax with the breath hand slowly down.
Efficacy: The exercise can stimulate the upper and lower limbs (the heart chakra and root wheel) reflex, and guide the body to relax after the tension.
Eagle standing, knees bent, left foot from the front around the right leg, left leg in the right rear toe hook, his arms are bent, his left elbow in the right elbow in the next, bypassing the two arms relative to the palm, keeping five breathing time left to do the exchange.
Effects: Further relief is too stiff limbs.
Together in prayer after the basic yoga posture, his hands behind his back together in prayer, turning to the fingers upward, inhale rise finger as close to the head, keeping five breath after breathing to relax.
Effects: The most effective way to ease neck, spine.
(B) eat a lot of drinking enough the following actions to help the stomach digest almost lion breathing breathing exercises
Knees, step on toes, the buttocks sitting on the heel, hold two fingers open on his knees, nose breathing, mouth breath, exhale as much as possible down the spit tongue, eyes to the point between the eyebrows, his mouth issued a "Ha" sound, do five breaths to relax.
Efficacy: The classic yoga practice, to eliminate flatulence, belching.
Maha fingerprints hands middle finger, the thumb relative to the other fingers bend offset, thumb down, 10 to keep breathing to relax.
Efficacy: to stimulate the reflex zones with both hands on the stomach to help digestion.
(C) the excessive shopping hikers climbing the following actions after the relaxation technique to help relax the waist and feet
Simple posture, the left foot on the right thigh, left hand on left knee, and with the right elbow to left heart pressure, followed by rubbing the soles of the feet, soles, heels, breathing time after doing about 10 to do the exchange.
Efficacy: This is their own foot massage.
After sitting gracefully toe relaxation technique, followed by the toes with both hands to your feet staggered (the first attempt a bit difficult, but will be able to get the toes to keep time for 10 breathing slowly relax.
Effect: the same is a relaxation technique, and can relax.
Tiger stays in his hands knees, hunched over with the breath down, near the tip of the left knee forward, left toe off the ground, keeping five breathing time, breathing Shen rise waist, raise the left foot back up, hold for 5 breathing time after the exchange to do so.
Efficacy: to relax the waist, back and thigh muscle groups.
(D) of the following actions before going to work to help refreshing plow
Supine, feet close together to raise up to near the head in front of the ground, his chin close to the clavicle, arms straight, palms down, to keep 5 to restore breathing time to relax.
Effect: to help the blood back to the cerebral circulation.
Palm-style stand, feet shoulder width distance, breathing on his hands move, try to open fingers, the heel off the ground, above the eyes, keeping five breath after breathing to relax.
Effect: to make up the body a kind of feeling.
Alternate breathing easy posture, the right index finger middle finger on his forehead, thumb suppress the right nostril, left nostril with the call after the first smoke, then press and hold the left nostril with the ring exchange, with the right nostril first call after smoking, after smoking Right Left call, right call suction left, for more than one, do five to relax.
Effects: also known as yin and yang meridians or breathing, refreshing action.
TIPS:
1, the breathing exercise need to stop if you feel dizzy, the next practice to reduce the number of exercises in the future and then slowly increased.
2, Do not breath in yoga to keep and maintain deep breathing.
3, in addition to "two" can do after a meal, other best practice and meals for more than two hours apart.
4, action to achieve their maximum level, but do not force accidentally injure themselves.
5, yoga, exercise try not to do in a very soft bed, in the floors were covered with a blanket or yoga mat to practice.
(A) sleeping too much playing cards sitting watching TV too long, too long disc the following actions to help stretch the hands and feet
Lotus fingerprints simple yoga posture (back against the perineum with the right foot, left foot to the front, feet straight), lotus hands into fingerprints (two relatively wrist, straight thumb, index finger bent collide, the rest of the fingers to both sides of the started, further bending the little finger against the ring finger), with suction up over his head, to keep 10 breaths, relax with the breath hand slowly down.
Efficacy: The exercise can stimulate the upper and lower limbs (the heart chakra and root wheel) reflex, and guide the body to relax after the tension.
Eagle standing, knees bent, left foot from the front around the right leg, left leg in the right rear toe hook, his arms are bent, his left elbow in the right elbow in the next, bypassing the two arms relative to the palm, keeping five breathing time left to do the exchange.
Effects: Further relief is too stiff limbs.
Together in prayer after the basic yoga posture, his hands behind his back together in prayer, turning to the fingers upward, inhale rise finger as close to the head, keeping five breath after breathing to relax.
Effects: The most effective way to ease neck, spine.
(B) eat a lot of drinking enough the following actions to help the stomach digest almost lion breathing breathing exercises
Knees, step on toes, the buttocks sitting on the heel, hold two fingers open on his knees, nose breathing, mouth breath, exhale as much as possible down the spit tongue, eyes to the point between the eyebrows, his mouth issued a "Ha" sound, do five breaths to relax.
Efficacy: The classic yoga practice, to eliminate flatulence, belching.
Maha fingerprints hands middle finger, the thumb relative to the other fingers bend offset, thumb down, 10 to keep breathing to relax.
Efficacy: to stimulate the reflex zones with both hands on the stomach to help digestion.
(C) the excessive shopping hikers climbing the following actions after the relaxation technique to help relax the waist and feet
Simple posture, the left foot on the right thigh, left hand on left knee, and with the right elbow to left heart pressure, followed by rubbing the soles of the feet, soles, heels, breathing time after doing about 10 to do the exchange.
Efficacy: This is their own foot massage.
After sitting gracefully toe relaxation technique, followed by the toes with both hands to your feet staggered (the first attempt a bit difficult, but will be able to get the toes to keep time for 10 breathing slowly relax.
Effect: the same is a relaxation technique, and can relax.
Tiger stays in his hands knees, hunched over with the breath down, near the tip of the left knee forward, left toe off the ground, keeping five breathing time, breathing Shen rise waist, raise the left foot back up, hold for 5 breathing time after the exchange to do so.
Efficacy: to relax the waist, back and thigh muscle groups.
(D) of the following actions before going to work to help refreshing plow
Supine, feet close together to raise up to near the head in front of the ground, his chin close to the clavicle, arms straight, palms down, to keep 5 to restore breathing time to relax.
Effect: to help the blood back to the cerebral circulation.
Palm-style stand, feet shoulder width distance, breathing on his hands move, try to open fingers, the heel off the ground, above the eyes, keeping five breath after breathing to relax.
Effect: to make up the body a kind of feeling.
Alternate breathing easy posture, the right index finger middle finger on his forehead, thumb suppress the right nostril, left nostril with the call after the first smoke, then press and hold the left nostril with the ring exchange, with the right nostril first call after smoking, after smoking Right Left call, right call suction left, for more than one, do five to relax.
Effects: also known as yin and yang meridians or breathing, refreshing action.
TIPS:
1, the breathing exercise need to stop if you feel dizzy, the next practice to reduce the number of exercises in the future and then slowly increased.
2, Do not breath in yoga to keep and maintain deep breathing.
3, in addition to "two" can do after a meal, other best practice and meals for more than two hours apart.
4, action to achieve their maximum level, but do not force accidentally injure themselves.
5, yoga, exercise try not to do in a very soft bed, in the floors were covered with a blanket or yoga mat to practice.
MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put)
MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put) system is a core technology used in 802.11n. IEEE 802.11n is the following 802.11b \ a \ g after the new wireless LAN technology, the speed up to 600Mbps. Meanwhile, the proprietary MIMO technology improves the performance of existing 802.11a/b/g networks. The technology was first used by Marconi in 1908's, which uses multiple antennas to suppress fading. According to the number of receive antennas at both ends, as opposed to ordinary SISO (Single-Input Single-Output) systems, MIMO can also include SIMO (Single-Input Multi-ple-Output) systems, and MISO (Multiple-Input Single-Output) systems. Outline Multiple Input Multiple Output MIMO said. Read / maimo / or / mimo /, usually Americans former British read the latter, international research expert in this field are more read / maimo /. Typically used for IEEE 802.11n, but it can also be used for other 802.11 technologies. MIMO spatial diversity is sometimes called, because it uses more space channel transmit and receive data. Only site (mobile) or access point (AP) only when the deployment support MIMO MIMO. Advantage MIMO can increase the advantages of wireless range and performance. Connected to the old site 802.11g 802.11n access point to a higher speed connection to the longer distances. For example, if you use the old site, from 25 feet away from the access point is connected to the speed of 1Mbps; use of the site when the speed of 802.11n MIMO is 2Mbps. To 2Mbps range, allows users to maintain connectivity at greater distances. Radio signals transmitted is reflected, will produce more than one signal. Each signal is a spatial stream. Single-input single-output (SISO) a current or old system can only send or receive one spatial stream. MIMO allows multiple antennas to transmit and receive multiple spatial stream. It allows the antenna to transmit and receive. Old access point to the old client - send and receive only one spatial stream MIMO MIMO access point to the client - both send and receive multiple spatial streams Can be seen at this time of the channel capacity increases with the number of antennas increases linearly. MIMO channel that can be used to improve wireless channel capacity is doubled, without increasing the bandwidth and the antenna transmit power case, spectrum efficiency can increase exponentially. The use of MIMO technology can improve the channel capacity, but also can improve the reliability of the channel, reducing the error rate. The former is the use of MIMO channels provide spatial multiplexing gain, which is provided the use of MIMO channel spatial diversity gain. Spatial multiplexing gain of the algorithm are the BLAST algorithm at Bell Labs, ZF algorithm, MMSE algorithm, ML algorithm. ML decoding algorithm has good performance, but the complexity of large, real-time requirements for higher wireless communications can not meet the requirements. ZF algorithm is simple and easy to implement, but require a higher channel SNR. Optimal performance and complexity is the BLAST algorithm. The algorithm is actually using the ZF algorithm with interference de derived. Another current research focus areas of MIMO technology is space-time coding. Common space-time code free-time block codes, space-time trellis codes. The main idea of space-time code is the use of space and time coding to achieve a certain degree of spatial diversity and time diversity, thereby reducing the channel bit error rate.
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