Smart Power Grids

smart power grids, is the power of intelligence, also known as "power 2.0", which is based on an integrated, high-speed two-way communication network based on the adoption of advanced sensing and measurement technology, advanced equipment and technology, advanced control and advanced decision support system technology to achieve grid reliability, security, economic, efficient, environmentally friendly and safe target, its main features include self-healing, motivation and including users against attacks that meet the 21st century power quality needs of users, allowing access to a variety of different forms of electricity generation, electricity market and start the optimization of assets and efficient operation. 
State Grid Corporation of smart grid defined 
In the process of development of modern power, national power industry development combined with its specific circumstances, through the different areas of research and practice, formed their own development direction and technology roadmap, but also reflects the country of the future network development model to different interpretations. In recent years, with a variety of advanced technology widely used in the power grid, intelligent grid has become the inevitable trend of development, development of smart grid has been a consensus in the world. 
Technology development and applications from the perspective of the world, the experts, scholars generally agree that the following view: Smart Grid is the advanced sensor measuring technology, information communication technology, analysis and decision technology, automatic control technology and energy and power technologies combined with a highly integrated network infrastructure to form a new modern power grid. 
The main features of the smart grid 
(1) strong. In a major grid disturbance and failure remain on the user's power supply capacity, without a major blackout; in natural disasters, extreme weather conditions or external damage can still ensure the safe operation of power grid; have to ensure that the power information security. 
(2) self-healing. Real-time, on-line and continuous security assessment and analysis capabilities, a powerful early warning and prevention control, and automatic fault diagnosis, fault isolation and system self-recovery capability. 
(3) compatible. Support for renewable energy and orderly, reasonable access to meet the micro-grid distributed power and access to and interaction with the user to achieve efficient interaction, meet a range of electricity demand and provide value-added services to users. 
(4) economy. Supporting electricity market and power trading operations effectively, and optimize resource allocation, reduce power consumption, improve energy efficiency. 
 (5) integration. Achieve a high degree of network integration and sharing of information, a unified platform and model, to achieve standardization and lean management.
(6) optimization. Optimize asset utilization, reduce investment costs and operation and maintenance costs. 
Advanced smart grid 
Existing power grid in general is a rigid system, intelligence is not high. Power access and exit, the transmission of electric energy and so lack of a better flexibility, coordination and control capacity of the grid is not ideal; system self-healing and self-recovery is totally dependent on physical redundancy; simple form of service to users, information one-way, lack of good information sharing mechanism. 
 Compared with the existing power grid, smart grid reflects the power flow, information flow and business flow characteristics of a high degree of integration significantly, the nature and advantages mainly in: 
(1) has a strong power base system and technical support system, able to withstand all types of external interference and attacks, able to adapt to large-scale clean energy and renewable energy access, strong network of consolidated and enhanced. 
(2) information technology, sensor technology, automatic control technology and the organic integration of grid infrastructure, grid panorama available information to detect, anticipate possible failures. Failure occurs, the network can quickly isolate failures to achieve self-healing, thus avoiding the occurrence of widespread power outages. 
(3) Flexible AC / DC transmission, net plant coordination, intelligent scheduling, power storage, power distribution and automation technology, widely used, the power grid control more flexible, economic, and able to adapt to a large number of distributed power, micro-grid and electric Auto charge and discharge facilities access. 
 (4) communications, information and integrated use of modern management techniques, will greatly enhance the efficiency of electrical equipment, reduce power consumption, make more economic and efficient grid operation. 
 (5) real-time and non real-time information to achieve a high degree of integration, sharing and use for the operation and management demonstrate a comprehensive, complete and fine grid operator state diagram, and to provide the appropriate support decision making, control implementation and response plans. 
 (6) to establish two-way interactive service model, the user can supply real-time understanding of capacity, power quality, price and power status information, reasonable arrangements for electrical use; power companies can obtain details of the user the power of information, providing more value-added services.